Force-pump



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. O. E. NEWMAN.

Force Pump. No. 233,006. Patented Oct. 5,1880.

1 jz/ve1co7 S E I MPEYERS. PNOTO-LITHOGKAPHER. WASHINGTON. D c

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. G. E. NEWMAN.

Force Pump. No. 233,006. Patented Oct. 5,1880.

UNITED STATns PATnNT @rricn,

CHARLES E. NEWMAN, OF OEDARVILLE, KANSAS.

FORCE-PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 233,006, dated October 5, 1880.

7 Application filed August 3,1880. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES ELIJAH NEW- MAN, (formerly of Fort \Vorth, Texas,) a citizen of the United States, residing at Cedarville, in the county of Smith and State of Kansas, have invented new and useful Improvements in Double-Acting Force-Pumps, of which the following is a specification.

The invention herein is an improvement upon the pump for which Letters Patent were granted to me September 16,1S79,No.219,754, and in which a single cylinder with top and bottom valves is used submerged, and the piston-rod made hollow to serve as the discharge-pipe,in connection with ahollow valved piston, attached by pivot-bearings to and. surrounding an enlarged hollow head of said piston-rod, and having a free Vertical adjustment thereon to form therewith a cut-01f to cause the water to be forced up through the piston discharge-pipe when the pump is in operation.

My present improvements are to render the working parts more effective and durable; to prevent the sudden descent of the heavy hollow discharge-pipe, which, being filled with water and adapted for deep wells, would, upon the downstroke, fall with such force as to rack and break the cylinder-supporting connections and give too great concussion upon the lower cylinder-head, and, besides, give a jerking throw to the operating-lever. in avoiding these objections the piston discharge-pipe is rendered easy to operate, and is maintained in a nearly-balanced condition in relation to the cylinder and its operating-lever.

A strong wrought-iron pin driven through the hollow plunger-head suspends by its pro jecting ends the hollow piston, the capacity for the cut-ofi' movement of which is, by slots formed in the solid walls of the piston making such connection, strong enough to withstand the roughest usage, and in this particular gives an important advantage over the construction shown in my said patent.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents an elevation of the pump as arranged for use in the well and connected with the operating-lever; Fig. 2, a top view of the operating-lever device; Fig. 3, a top view of the pump-cylinder; Fig. 4, a vertical section of the pump-cylinder, the piston being shown on the upstroke; Fig. 5, a similar section, the piston being shown on the downstroke; and Fig. 6, an elevation of the piston.

The cylinder is constructed with heads bolted together in the manner shown. It is supported and braced by suitable pieces of timber, to which it is bolted in a submerged position in the well, and it has induction-ports provided with valves opening inwardly for the admission of water at its upper and lower ends, and both above and below the working of the piston. The piston-rod a is hollow. and serves as the discharge-pipe, and is connected with and operated by a lever, 12, supported by a suitable casting, c, secured to the cover of the well. Of this connection a more particular description will be presently given.

The hollow piston rod passes through a stuffing-box on the upper cylinder-head, and the piston has about six inches stroke for a cylinder about twelve inches long.

The piston is composed of two cast-iron hollow cylindrical parts, d e. The outer one, (I, has a bottom valve, f, and fits by its open upper end over and incloses the lower open end of the inner part, leaving a space, 8, between their walls of about half an inch wide. The length of these two parts, when connected, is about five and a half inches, and the diameter of the outer part about three inches for a cyllinder about one foot long. The inner hollow part is the longest, and extending above the open end of the outer part is screwed to the lower end of the hollow discharge-pipe, and forms the pl un ger-head. A wrought-iron fiveeighths pin, g, is driven diametrically through this plungerhead, about the middle of its length, with its ends projecting from each side, and serves as the means of connecting and suspending the outer part, which has vertical slots, h, formed in its walls, within. which the ends of the throughpin 9 work in a manner to allow the outer part to have a vertical play upon the pin of about a half inch, and form thereby a cut-off with the hollow plunger-head, when the piston is descending, so that the water will pass from the lower part of the cylinder up into and through the plunger-head. This cut-oft is formed by the lower circular edge of the hollow plunger forming a close joining with the inner side of the bottom of the valved part, as in Fig. 5, and for this purpose the joining surfaces are ground. The cut-off is only active on the downstroke of the piston and while its valvefis open, while on the upstroke the valved part separates from the plunger end, as in Fig. 4, and the water from the upper part of the cylinder passes down through the space 8, between the hollow parts, and up and out through the plungerhead and discharge-pipe.

The valve part has one or more packingrings, 1", split obliquely at their joining ends, and set into circumferential recesses, one such ring being sufficient for a minimum sized pump, and for larger sizes two or three are used.

The valves i, for opening and closing the respective cylinder-ports, are formed with beveled bearings, the port-seats being of corresponding form, and when closed such valves are seated so as to avoid side pressure and give atight joint. The valves are provided with skeleton guides and stops, which hold them in place and limit their movement.

The upper ports should be equal in combined area to that of the lower port, so that the water may enter both ends of the cylinder uniformly. A single port of equal area at each. end may be used.

The operating-lever b is secured in a socketcasting, O, which is pivoted to lugs c, in the casting c, which may also be provided with a guide-opening for the piston discharge-pipe. The socket-casting has a bifurcated or slotted arm j, and a collar, it, upon the discharge-pipe serves to secure the forked arm to said pipe by screws m m, which, passing through the ends of the arm and into the collar, are bound hard upon the opposite sides of the dischargepipe, and, in connection with slots n in the open ends of the arm, serve to cause the discharge-pipe to move in straight vertical line. The side slots, however, are not necessary, as the discharge-pipe will have sufficient spring to prevent any binding in the cylinder.

An oppositely-projecting arm, 1), from said socket-castin g 0, serves to suspend, byawire or rod, q, a weight, a, or basket filled with stone, for the purpose of balancing, or nearly so, the discharge-pipe and its double cylinder coupled piston, thereby preventing their sudden descent and rendering iteasy to work the pump. Were it not for this counter-balance the downstroke would give a jerk upon the lever, and the piston would give a blow with more or less force upon the lower valved head of the cylinder, making it liable to break the fastenings of the cylinder from its supporting-timber in the well.

In a pump in which the piston -rod is also the discharge-pipe this provision for overcoming the fall of the downstroke and the labor of raisin g the discharge-pipe is of so much advantage that the pump would otherwise be undesirable for use in deep wells. For, in a well thirty feet deep, and the discharge-pipe working full of water added to the weight of the piston parts, the downstroke would be a fall of considerable force. and the upstroke would be correspondingly heavy, and the com bination, in a submerged double-acting forcepump, of a reciprocating piston dischargepipe, with an operating lever having oppositely-projectin g arms, to one of which the piston discharge pipe is attached for vertical movement, and to the other a counter-weight constitutes an important improvement in the working of the pump. The through-pin connection of the piston parts and the long cup form of these parts, with the slots formed low down in the sides thereof, greatly improves the working of the piston in avoidingjamming and binding, and avoids all danger of breakage, as in the use of slotted extensions and separate short connecting-pins, as in my said patent. In fact I obtain a free vertical swinging adjustment of the valvedcup part with a connection which cannot be broken by the thrusting and jerking of the inner suspending part.

The discharge-pipe terminates in a curved nozzle, and the action of the pump gives a continuous discharge. discharge-pipe the water will flow into the cylinder through the bottom valve, and upon the downstrokc the water will pass up through the valved and plunger-piston parts, filling and discharging from the piston-pipe, while at the same time water will pass into the cylinder from the upper valves, and will. be displaced upon the upstroke bypassing through the piston-space s and up through the plunger and dischargepipe. The plunger in its downward movement closes with the valved piston part, and in its upward movement it separates, leaving the space 8 opening into the plunger, thus giving a double forcing action.

The counterbalancing of the discharge-pipe is of special importance in connection with a plunger discharge-pipe having a valve part of two cups connected by pin and slots, for the reason that in the opening and closing of the valved parts the projecting ends of the pin are thereby prevented from being bent, and consequently acting irregularly upon the outer piston part. In fact this balancing action breaks the effect which a sudden forcible descent of the piston discharge-pipe would have upon the ends of the pin by which the two independently-operating valved parts are connected; and in a valved discharge-pipe of such construction the easy and balanced action of the operating-lever gives very advantageous results.

I am aware that prior to my invention counter-balances have been used in various ways with pump-piston rods, and that a counterbalanced operating-lever has been combined with a double cylinder provided with valves and carried by the discharge-pipe and reciprocated with it over a fixed piston and I there- Upon raising the piston fore do not claim a counterbalancing pumpoperating lever irrespective of the specific in which the plunger discharge-pipe is provided with a valve of two connected cup parts, (I and e, the through cross-pin g of the part c, in combination with the slots h in the wall of the part d, the said pin and slots being at or about the middle of the length of said connected cup parts, substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHAS. E. NEWMAN. Witnesses:

A. E. H. J oHNsoN, J. W. HAMILTON J oHNsoN. 

